social impacts of cyclone debbie

 

The standards require development of the following in order to achieve this: BHP has established cross-functional teams to implement our approach to water stewardship at Group and regional levels. These include: The Our Requirements for Environment and Climate Change standard requires that our operated assets establish baseline water conditions, identify the water dependent receptors, water uses and stressors and predict changes to these conditions, including the potential impacts of climate change, for the ‘life of asset’. Watch Parliament TV On Demand to see what your MPs debated. For more information, refer to the, Ineffective WASH practices may result in illness and potential fatalities, which could disrupt our operated assets, impact communities and the environment, have financial and reputational impacts and inhibit the delivery of our social value proposition. [11] The first tropical cyclone of the 1938 Atlantic hurricane season, which formed on January 3, became the earliest forming tropical storm and hurricane after reanalysis concluded on the storm in December 2012. Please refer to the Water information in section 6.6 of the BHP Annual Report. The climate at Queensland Coal is characterised by wet season rainfall, which includes tropical cyclone events that produce most of the annual rainfall and a dry season during which little rainfall occurs. Risk associated with the capacity and reliability of water supply infrastructure. BHP acknowledges and seeks to include the cultural and spiritual values associated with water resources, especially to Indigenous communities, in consideration of this risk. One way of managing this is to move MAW from sites with water excess to sites that have too little water. The only two hurricanes to form in January are a Category 1 hurricane in the 1938 season, and Hurricane Alex in the 2016 season. El Niño events increase the wind shear over the Atlantic, producing a less-favorable environment for formation and decreasing tropical activity in the Atlantic basin. There have been no reports of serious injuries. [25] Storms frequently form in the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the tropical Atlantic Ocean as far east as the Cape Verde Islands, the origin of strong and long-lasting Cape Verde-type hurricanes. Our Water Stewardship Strategy includes a collective action and a disclosure pillar, both of which focus on water governance and collaborating with host communities, government, industry peers and other stakeholders. We encourage our operated assets to identify intensity targets to improve performance above their contributions to our Group-wide target and longer-term goal outlined below. Due to regional differences in marine ecosystems and potential cumulative impacts, the type and extent of the impacts to the marine environment for each of our operated assets may be different and could include increased costs for mitigation, offsets or financial compensatory actions or obligations. controls may also be similar to those for the dewatering, extreme weather and water quality risk areas. In such circumstances, we are committed to providing access to safe and reliable drinking water (potable water) and appropriate sanitation and hygiene facilities. The thirty deadliest mainland United States tropical cyclones 1900–2000". The strategy pillars are outlined in the table below. BHP has formed an internal Tailings Taskforce. Controls for desalination and port facilities include: Risk associated with the water infrastructure design, operation and reliability of tailings storage facilities could pose catastrophic failure, seepage and inefficient water management. [71], Although more uncommon since 1995, few above-normal hurricane seasons occurred during 1970–94. We anticipate releasing an initial set of context-based, operated asset-level water targets by the end of FY2022. [20] However, this was later superseded by Hurricane Patricia in 2015 in the east Pacific, which had a pressure reading of 872 mbar. The roadmap was developed by overlaying operated asset-level water risk with the Water Stewardship vision and objectives to leverage technology solutions that drive a step-change reduction in water risk and realise value creation opportunities. The main reason for the decrease in activity is increasing wind shear, although sea surface temperatures are also cooler than in September. The management of water-related risks needs to reflect the different physical environments, hydrological systems and socio-political and regulatory contexts in which we work. Videos are typically available on the same day as the live broadcast, but in some cases they make take up to 24 hours to appear. Climate change may affect near- and long-term BHP performance and. During the hyperactive period (1400 BC to 1000 AD), more hurricanes were steered towards the Gulf coast as the Azores High was shifted to a more southwesterly position near the Caribbean. When the "Execute p1" button is clicked the javascript function p1 is executed. An example is in Bass Strait, offshore Victoria, Australia, where the operator is monitoring a number of water-related risks. On average, four named tropical storms, including one hurricane, occur by August 30, and the first intense hurricane develops by 4 September. The inability to secure water access can constrain production, affect the environment, create community concerns about water availability and have regulatory, legal and financial implications. For more information, refer to the Tailings Storage Facilities website. Water management activities aim for the balance between too much and too little water on each site. Dewatering at WAIO produces more water than is required for mining activities. The water sensitivity at Queensland, New South Wales Energy Coal and Olympic Dam, in South Australia, is elevated due to the level of focus by stakeholders and regulators in relation to water interactions within the regions of these operated assets; for example, our Olympic Dam operation manages its extraction from the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) closely because the GAB supports important springs and is a resource shared with Indigenous peoples, communities and other industries. This trend is particularly strong North Atlantic, where the probability of cyclones reaching category three or higher increased by 49% per decade. This highlighted a concentration of suppliers and customers in China that may be exposed to water-related risks. This allows sufficient storage for runoff from rainfall events, while not affecting production and not allowing unauthorised site discharge of MAW. "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)", "E1) Which is the most intense tropical cyclone on record? Controls include: Risk associated with current and future balance between water supply and demand for all relevant users and related to the ecosystem function. [11], Owing to their intensity, the strongest Atlantic hurricanes have all attained Category 5 classification. ", "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2019", "Tropical Cyclone Best Track Information for the North Indian Ocean 1990–2008", "Tropical Cyclone Information for the Australian Region", "TCWC Wellington Best Track Data 1967–2006", "Western North Pacific Typhoon best track file 1951–2021", "A Record Minimum Sea Level Pressure Observed in Hurricane Gilbert", 10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<2824:ARMSLP>2.0.CO;2, "Post Storm Data Acquisition – Hurricane Rita Peak Gust Analysis and Storm Surge Data", "TC FAQ: E17: How many hurricanes have there been in each month? 1. The CAP process guides the development of plans, targets and budgets to deploy capital and resources. Although the record shows a distinct increase in the number and strength of intense hurricanes, therefore, experts regard the early data as suspect. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. [63] Nyberg et al. Potential impacts to the community from BHP’s access to and use of water resources within the catchment include reduced water supply to communities, aesthetic impacts to recreational use for water or contamination of water sources with potential reduction in availability for community water use. LibriVox is a hope, an experiment, and a question: can the net harness a bunch of volunteers to help bring books in the public domain to life through podcasting? Impacts to water quality have the potential to affect both the environment and communities. In FY2019, we developed our Water Stewardship Position Statement that expresses BHP’s commitment to and advocacy for water stewardship. A key step is to further understand and manage risks over which we have direct influence. Risk associated with changes in the chemical attribute of water, which may occur from runoff or seepage (from exposed ground, pit slopes, waste rock), infiltration from water, tailings and process facilities, infrastructure, and increases in salinity due to long-term storage of water. [6] The climatological peak of activity is around September 10 each season. Graph showing average activity during the hurricane Season. We transitioned our reporting in FY2019 to align with the ICMM ‘A Practical Guide to Consistent Water Reporting’ (ICMM Guidelines), an international accounting framework to allow for comparable water data across the mining and metals industry. Each element of our approach is discussed on this webpage. avoiding contact with substances that may affect water quality, appropriate design, construction and monitoring of facilities to prevent and detect contamination, and minimising any impacts through treatment and monitoring of water quality outcomes, so that the effectiveness of controls is understood and can be reviewed as appropriate, Many of the controls in place for the management of catchment risk are applied for management of water security risks. Therefore, elimination or reduction of risk and stress to fresh water resources has benefits to all. To manage this risk, WAIO adopted a management system approach based on ISO 9001, which integrates World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines requirements, as well as a number of additional standards to enable a holistic approach to drinking water safety and infrastructure management. Water-related risks are captured in different areas of the Group Risk Architecture in categories that best reflect the criticality of managing water elements at our operated assets. [40] Activity falls markedly with 1.8 cyclones developing on average despite a climatological secondary peak around 20 October. salinity due to long-term storage of water. Aqueduct Global Maps 2.1: Constructing Decision-Relevant Global Water Risk Indicators. A key change relates to the terminology we use. Mitigating controls include emergency preparedness, communications systems and adequately trained staff. Regular maintenance of water infrastructure, such as treatment plants, pipelines and tanks, is critical to ensure that water is adequate for our operated assets, both in quantity and quality. This includes requirements such as regional analyses of climate science to improve our understanding of the potential climate vulnerabilities of our operated assets and communities where we operate, and to inform resilience planning at an operated asset level. It is aligned to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 that seeks to ‘ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all’. For example, WAIO provides drinking water to the community of Newman, five operational mining areas and one closed mine, and supplements supply to our operations at port and rail. Risk associated with changes in the regulatory settings, including the nature and extent of regulation related to water allocation, permits, tariffs and reporting obligations. "Frequently Asked Questions: G4) Why do tropical cyclones occur primarily in the summer and autumn?". They can also alter the spiritual value of water/water features to Indigenous groups and affect the value of the water resource for future generations. Many are also located in areas with a higher likelihood of flooding. [45], Decrease in wind shear from July to August contributes to a significant increase of tropical activity. [50] High vertical wind shear and low sea surface temperatures generally preclude tropical cyclone formation during the off-season. Protection of the marine environment is also important and our Water Stewardship Position Statement acknowledges the importance of protecting this resource as well as fresh water. Non-compliances could result in lower-order infringements through to financial penalties, enforcement orders or proceedings, social activism or increased cost to BHP. Please refer to our ‘Managing excess water in the Pilbara’ case study for an example of how BHP manages dewatering risks. This will further our understanding of opportunities to work with suppliers and customers to better manage water-related risks within our value chain. An analysis was also undertaken to identify key, water-dependent environmental features within the upper Fortescue River catchment. For example, for some operated assets, access to ore is dependent on effective water management, therefore water is integral to short-term and five-year plans as well as production targets and effective environmental management. • New Study on Safe Reopenings of Universities; CDC Shortens Social Distancing to 3 Feet; Putin Wishes Biden Good Health; Minnesota Pipeline Sparks Environmental Concerns. Setting clear and transparent targets on critical metrics helps us focus our efforts, monitor progress and hold ourselves accountable. Climate change science must be factored into this assessment. Ineffective catchment governance and regulation can make them more complex to manage. Water is integral to what we do and vital to the sustainability of BHP. This may arise because of direct impacts either from BHP’s operated assets or from the cumulative impacts from our activities combined with those of others within a region. [2] Most North Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes form between June 1 and November 30. [11] Though it developed within the bounds of the Atlantic hurricane season,[11][31] Hurricane Audrey in 1957 became the earliest developing Category 4 hurricane on record after it reached the intensity on June 27. For information regarding the Samarco NOJV, refer to our Samarco section. Available online at wri.org/publication/aqueduct-global-maps-21-indicators. Changes in water quality can also constrain production or result in water accumulation over time (due to discharge restrictions), which makes management during extreme rainfall events more challenging. We plan to ramp up the development of our context-based, operated asset-level water targets. 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